英语是印欧语系中日耳曼语族下的西日耳曼语支,并通过英国的殖民活动传播到世界各地。记者筹备了高中三年级英语考试易错点,具体请看以下内容。 易错点1 名词的单复数形式的误判 What do you think the should do first? They should learn to take as well as share rights in life. A. grown-up; responsibility B. growns-up; responsibility C. grown-ups; responsibilities D. growns-ups; responsibilities 错因剖析:有的考生以为grown是复合名词的中心词,其复数形式应该在grown后面加-s;其次觉得responsibility是不可数名词,没复数形式,从而错选B.其实,grown-up没中心名词,其复数形式应该在up后面加-s;同时依据语境可知,responsibility指义务,该单词作义务,职责讲时,可作可数名词或不可数名词,故正确答案选C. 复合名词的复数形式一般在中心名词后面加-s,如:looker-on lookers-on, son-in-law sons-in-law;但当复合名词没中心名词时,其复数形式是在最后的词后面加-s,如:grown-up grown-ups; go-between go-betweens. 易错点2 名词的格的误用 Look! This is . Very beautiful. When did she take it? A. my mothers picture B. my mother in the picture C. a picture of my mother D. a picture of my mothers 错因剖析:考生可能受汉语思维的影响,错选A或B;也会受英语双重所有格的影响,错选D.依据语境可知,正确答案选C. my mothers picture,意为我母亲所拥有些照片,暗含照片上可能不是我母亲; a picture of my mothers意为我母亲所拥有些照片中的一张,同样,暗含照片上可能不是我母亲; a picture of my mother意为我母亲的照片(照片中是母亲);my mother in the picture意为照片中我的母亲,暗含不是真实的母亲。 易错点3 名词作定语的误用 Where does your sister work, Jack? She works in a . A. shop of cloth B. cloths shop C. shop with clothes D. clothes shop 错因剖析:有的考生会由于对名词作定语的使用方法运用不当而错选B.其实,clothes服饰只有复数形式,而单数形式布店应用shop for cloth或cloth shop,因此,依据语境可知,正确答案选D. 名词作定语时一般用其单数形式,然而,名词parents, clothes, sports等,作定语时需要要用其复数形式。另外,man, woman作定语时,假如中心词是单数,则用其单数形式;假如中心词是复数,则用其复数形式。 易错点4 对不可数名词的应用判断失误 I find it very difficult to read novel you lent me last week. Yes. Its necessary to have good knowledge of history. A. the;不填 B. a;不填 C. the; a D. a; a 错因剖析:考生可能以为第一空是特指他们上周所借给我的小说,故应填定冠词;第二空后面是抽象名词,为不可数名词,不填冠词,于是错选A.然而,此处knowledge之前须用不定冠词,have a good knowledge of意为对非常知道,是固定搭配,故正确答案选C. 英语中,有的抽象名词,如knowledge, history, failure, success, help, pleasure, surprise, honour等表示抽象定义时,其前面不需要不定冠词,如:with pleasure, in surprise等。但,当表示具体的定义时,其前面须用不定冠词,也可以用其复数形式。 易错点5 对专有名词的应用判断失误 Do you know Li Ming? Li Ming? Which one? I know Li Ming in our class very well. He is Lei Feng of our times. A. 不填;不填 B. a; a C. a; the D. the; the 错因剖析:有的考生可能以为两个空后面的名词都是人名,前面不需要冠词,于是错选A.然而,联系语境可知,答话者至少认识两个李明,而特指他班上的那个李明时前面须用定冠词;后一空的Lei Feng由of our times修饰,说明是大家年代的特点,须用定冠词,故正确答案选D. 人名前面加定冠词,指特定的某个人或某个人的主要特点。地名前面一般不需要定冠词,但当指特定某时期的地方或某地的主要特点时,须用定冠词。如:China the China (of) today; America the America of last century; the New York of China等。表姓氏的复数名词前面用定冠词表示夫妇两人或全家人,如:the Greens. 易错点6 定冠词与不定冠词判断失误 When did you meet her last? I dont remember exactly, but Im sure it was Friday when I went to the shop to buy football. A. a; a B. 不填;a C. the;不填 D. 不填;不填 错因剖析:有的考生可能觉得这两个空后面的名词前都不需要冠词,从而错选D.其实,指一个特定的星期几时前面须用不定冠词;表示一个足球时,前面也须用不定冠词,故正确答案选A. 表星期几的名词前面一般不需要冠词,但当指某一个特定的星期几时,前面要加不定冠词。球类活动中,表球类的名词前不需要冠词;音乐活动中,表乐器名字的名词前须用定冠词。但,当它们不指活动,而是指具体的某件东西时,须用适合的冠词。