高中英语要点虚拟语气对非现实的表达！什么是虚拟语气？是的，大家要学习虚拟语气就需要先弄了解它的定义。以下是帮大伙总结的关于虚拟语气要点。 虚拟语气包括两种：一种指与事实相反或不可能发生。虚拟条件句+虚拟主句的结构都是这些；even if、even though、as if、as though引导的状语中假如需要用到虚拟语气也是这些； 另一种指与事实实质是不是发生没直接关系。如和suggest、order、demand等表示建议、命令、需要等有关的名词性从句都是这些。 1、 虚拟条件句中的虚拟语气 1、表示与目前事实相反的状况 从句：If+主语+did(be动词用were) 主句：主语+ should/would/might/could+do If I were you，I would take an umbrella. 假如我是你，我会带把伞。（事实：我不可能是你） If I knew his telephone number，I would tell you. 假如我了解他的电话号码，我就会对你说。（事实：不了解） If there were no air or water，there would be no living things on the earth. 假如没水和空气，地球上就不会有生物。(事实：地球上既有空气也有水) 2、表示与过去事实相反的状况 从句：If+主语+had+done 主句：主语+should/would/might/could+have done If I had got there earlier，I should/would have met her. 假如我早到那儿，我就会见到她。（事实：去晚了） If he had taken my advice，he would not have made such a mistake. 假如他听我的劝告的话，就不会犯如此的错误了。（事实：没听我的话） 3、表示与以后事实相反的状况 从句：①if+主语+were to do ②if+主语+should+do ③if+主语+过去式（be动词用were） 主句：主语+should/would/might/could+do If he should come here tomorrow，I would talk to him. 假如他明天来这儿的话，我就跟他谈谈。（事实：不可能来） If there were a heavy snow next Sunday，we would go skating. 假如下周日下大雪，大家就去滑冰。（事实：不可能下雪） If she were to be here next Monday，I would tell her about the matter. 假如她下周一来这儿的话，我就会告诉她这件事的始末。（事实：不可能来） 需要注意的地方： ① 错综时间句： 即虚拟条件状语从句与虚拟主句中谓语动作的时间不同。 If I had worked hard at school，I would be an engineer，too. 假如我在学校学习刻苦的话，我目前也会成为一个工程师了。 If they had informed us，we would not come here now. 假如他们公告过大家的话，大家目前就不会来这里了。 If he knew her，he would have greeted her that day. 假如他认识她的话，他一定会去问候她了。 ② 虚拟条件句中的省略： 当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were，should，had 时，if 可以省略，这个时候条件从句要用倒装语序，即把were，should，had等词置于句首，这种多用于书面语。 Should he agree to go there，we would send him there. 如果他答应去的话，大家就派他去了。 Were she here，she would agree with us. 假如她在这儿的话，她会赞同大家的。 Had he learnt about computers，we would have hired him to work here. 假如他懂一些电脑常识的话，大家已经聘用他来这里工作了。 ③ 用其它形式表达虚拟条件： 虚拟条件状语从句有时不表达出来，只暗含在副词、介词短语、上下文或用其它方法表示出来。如without，but for（要不是...）等。 But for his help，we would be working now. 要不是他的帮忙，大家还会在工作呢。 Without your instruction，I would not have made such great progress. 如果没你的指导，我不会获得这样大的进步。 We didnt know his telephone number，otherwise we would have telephoned him. 大家不了解他的电话号码，不然大家就会给他打电话。 ④ 在虚拟语气的从句中，动词be的过去时态一律用were，不需要was。 If I were you，I would go to look for him. 假如我是你，就会去找他。 ⑤ 在虚拟条件句中，should/would/might/could四个词只可以用should；在虚拟主句中，主语只有是第一人称时，才可以用should。 If I had got there earlier，I should/would have met her. 假如我早到那儿，我就会见到她。 If he had got there earlier， he would have met her. 假如我早到那儿，我就会见到她。 2、 名词性从句中的虚拟语气 1、表达和建议、需要、命令、倡导等含义有关的名词性从句，一律用主语+should+动词原形（should可以省略）结构。具体涉及到这类动词与它们的名词形式： 一坚持（倡导）：insist 二命令：order，command 三需要：require，request，demand 四建议：suggest，advise，propose，recommend 比如： It was suggested that he（should）join in the club activities.（主语从句） I suggested that he（should）join in the club activities.（宾语从句） My suggestion was that he（should）join in the club activities.（表语从句） I had an suggestion that he（should）join in the club activities.（同位语从句） 这四句话表达同一个意思：我建议他加入这个会所的活动。 2、表示重要程度、必要性、吃惊等时，一律用it is+形容词+that+主语+should+动词原形（should可以省略）结构。 比如： Its important that you (should) study English hard. 好好学习英语是非常重要的。 Its necessary that you (should) praise your students as much as possible. 尽量多的表彰你的学生是有必要的。 It is strange that she (should) not have been invited. 非常奇怪她居然没被邀请。 3. ① wish 后面所跟的宾语从句，其谓语动词用虚拟语气（意为如果/但愿就好了），其形式主要有三种： 表示对目前状况的虚拟：wish+一般过去时的宾语从句 表示对过去状况的虚拟：wish+ 过去完成时的宾语从句 表示对以后状况的虚拟：wish+ would/could+动词原形 I wish it were spring all year round. 我期望一年四季都是春季。 I wish it would be fine tomorrow. 我期望明每天气好。 She wished she had stayed at home then. 她期望她当时待在家。 if only 后接从句也用虚拟语气，其形式与wish的使用方法一致。 ② would rather 后面所跟的宾语从句，其谓语动词用虚拟语气（意为宁可......），其形式主要有两种： 表示对目前/以后状况的虚拟：wish+一般过去时的宾语从句 表示对过去状况的虚拟：wish+ 过去完成时的宾语从句
